Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the three portions of the mucosa?

Accepted Answer

A)  mucous membrane, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
B)  serosa, muscularis mucosae, muscularis externa
C)  adventitia, lamina propria, muscularis externa
D)  adventitia, muscularis externa, mucous membrane
E)  muscularis mucosae, mucous membrane, submucosaF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

What is the portion of the enteric nervous system located within the muscularis mucosa called?

Accepted Answer

A)  myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus
B)  submucosal (Meissner's) plexus
C)  bulbous (Ruffini's) corpuscle
D)  lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscle
E)  intrinsic nervous systemF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

What is the process whereby bile salts breakdown fat globules into smaller droplets?

Accepted Answer

A)  saponification
B)  lipolysis
C)  emulsification
D)  digestion
E)  esterificationF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Liver sinusoids contain bile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following contains the mucous membrane, but not the mesentery?

Accepted Answer

A)  mucosa
B)  muscularis externa
C)  submucosa
D)  myenteric plexus
E)  serosaF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Once the chyme begins to enter the duodenum, it must first be before any of the enzymes in the pancreatic juices can be activated.

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylated
B)  hydrated
C)  deacidified
D)  acidified
E)  dehydratedF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following secretes a bicarbonate- rich fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas only
B)  salivary glands only
C)  liver only
D)  both salivary glands and pancreas
E)  salivary glands, pancreas, and liverF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

A genetic deficiency in the protein trypsinogen could result in decreased proteolytic activation of chymotrypsin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What does the secretion of leptin cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased pancreatic secretion into the gastrointestinal tract
B)  increased bile secretion
C)  decreased sensation of hunger
D)  increased motility of the gastrointestinal tract
E)  decreased gastric secretion into the gastrointestinal tractF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

What protects the stomach wall from the acidic lumenal contents?

Accepted Answer

A)  a layer of parietal cells
B)  a layer of adipose tissue lining the gastric mucosa
C)  the gastric coat
D)  the presence of rugae
E)  the gastric mucosal barrierF) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Which sphincter is composed of smooth muscle between the small and large intestines?

Accepted Answer

A)  internal anal sphincter
B)  sphincter of Oddi
C)  upper esophageal sphincter
D)  ileocecal sphincter
E)  lower esophageal sphincterF) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 12

The absorption of sodium throughout the small intestine is driven by _ _ transport and is typically linked to the absorption of .

Accepted Answer

A)  passive : glucose
B)  passive : bicarbonate
C)  active : glucose
D)  active : bicarbonate
E)  active : chlorideF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Relative to weight, the salivary glands secrete more protein than any other gland in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Where would the myenteric plexus be found?

Accepted Answer

A)  mucosa
B)  lamina propria
C)  submucosa
D)  muscularis externa
E)  serosaF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

The motility of the gastrointestinal tract is controlled primarily by the muscularis mucosae.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What does propelling food to the back of the mouth with the tongue initiate?

Accepted Answer

A)  receptive relaxation
B)  peristalsis
C)  the swallowing reflex
D)  the chewing reflex
E)  bolus formationF) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 17

What is the brush border?

Accepted Answer

A)  microvilli from epithelial cells lining the small intestine
B)  villi from epithelial cells lining the stomach
C)  microvilli from parietal cells
D)  villi from epithelial cells lining the small intestine
E)  villi from parietal cellsF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following secretes lipase?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas only
B)  liver only
C)  salivary glands only
D)  both salivary glands and pancreas
E)  pancreas and liverF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 19

What region of the colon serves primarily as a storage depot for whatever material remains in the lumen after absorption has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  sigmoid
B)  ascending
C)  descending
D)  transverse
E)  resectedF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

In order to convert amino acids to gluconeogenic precursors, their ammonium ion must be removed in the liver, which is then converted to what substance, thereby making it water soluble enough to be excreted by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea
B)  ammonia
C)  bilirubin
D)  nitrogen
E)  uric acidF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 20: The Gastrointestinal System

Liver sinusoids contain bile.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following contains the mucous membrane, but not the mesentery?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What protects the stomach wall from the acidic lumenal contents?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the process whereby bile salts breakdown fat globules into smaller droplets?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The absorption of sodium throughout the small intestine is driven by _ _ transport and is typically linked to the absorption of .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly lists the three portions of the mucosa?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following secretes lipase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once the chyme begins to enter the duodenum, it must first be before any of the enzymes in the pancreatic juices can be activated.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The motility of the gastrointestinal tract is controlled primarily by the muscularis mucosae.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to convert amino acids to gluconeogenic precursors, their ammonium ion must be removed in the liver, which is then converted to what substance, thereby making it water soluble enough to be excreted by the kidneys?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A genetic deficiency in the protein trypsinogen could result in decreased proteolytic activation of chymotrypsin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following secretes a bicarbonate- rich fluid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the brush border?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does propelling food to the back of the mouth with the tongue initiate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the secretion of leptin cause?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which sphincter is composed of smooth muscle between the small and large intestines?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where would the myenteric plexus be found?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Relative to weight, the salivary glands secrete more protein than any other gland in the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the portion of the enteric nervous system located within the muscularis mucosa called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What region of the colon serves primarily as a storage depot for whatever material remains in the lumen after absorption has occurred?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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