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Exam 46: The Musculoskeletal System

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Question 21

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You witness a demonstration of a martial arts master breaking a large concrete block with his hand.Besides mastering the technique, what is another benefit of the repetitive practice of breaking concrete?

A) Repetitive stress on the long bones will solidify cartilage.
B) The Haversian canal system will supply more blood and strengthen the bone.
C) The repetitive stress will lead to remodeling and strengthening of the long bones.
D) The marrow cavity will solidify and strengthen the bone.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 22

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In order for an earthworm to lengthen several contiguous segments of its body, it must

A) contract its longitudinal muscles, which pulls up the chaetae and moves the body fluid perpendicular to the long axis of the worm.
B) contract its longitudinal muscles, which extends the chaetae into the surrounding soil and moves the body fluid parallel to the long axis of the worm.
C) contract its circular muscles, which extends the chaetae into the surrounding soil and moves the body fluid parallel to the long axis of the worm.
D) contract its circular muscles, which pulls up the chaetae and moves the body fluid parallel to the long axis of the worm.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Question 23

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In arthropods, locomotion is accomplished by muscles that work against

As the Baby Boomer generation ages, more and more joint replacement surgeries take place each year.Hip replacement surgery is the gold standard of all joint replacement surgeries, with many patients able to walk just a few hours after surgery and return home the very next day.In contrast, knee replacement surgery usually requires hospital stays of several days, followed by weeks to months of physical therapy.What best explains why the recovery after hip replacement surgery is so much faster than after knee replacement surgery?

The myofibrils consist of both thin filaments made of actin and thick filaments composed of

The neurotransmitter released from the nerve terminus at the neuromuscular junction is __________.

Sarin gas is an inhibitor of an enzyme that functions in the neuromuscular junction to break down acetylcholine.What is the most likely description of how a person would die after inhaling this poisonous gas?

The muscles that move the eye have a high proportion of fast-twitch fibers and reach maximum tension very fast.These fibers belong to the class of __________ fibers.

In a stimulated muscle fiber, the calcium ions released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum bind to the protein _______.

Which of these muscles would you expect to have the greatest proportion of slow-twitch fibers?

If you rub the scaled skin of a shark, it feels rough if you move your hand from tail to head but smooth if you move from head to tail.What is a major advantage of the scales being oriented this way?

You are investigating the scene of a hit and run where somebody's pet dog was killed.It is a very hot day so the dog's body temperature is unlikely to yield any important information regarding the time of death.The dog's limbs are movable and there is no significant smell of rotting flesh.What is the best guess of the time of death?

Select the incorrect statement related to sarcomere structure and function.

The mammalian jaw is an example of what kind of moveable joint?

Vertebrate bone does NOT ____.

You have just read an advertisement for a new drug that claims people who take it can get muscular bodies without spending months lifting weights in the gym.The drug stimulates muscle growth in the same way that weight lifting does, which is to

In the power stroke shown in panel c below, the thin filaments are pulled towards the center of the sarcomere.What is the specific sequence of events that occurs during a power stroke?

What is the association between tropomyosin and troponin molecules in resting striated muscle fibers?

The movement of actin and myosin fibers in a muscle contraction contains all of the following steps EXCEPT

What molecule contributes to the red color of slow-twitch muscle fibers?