A) constitutional guarantees ofchecks and balances of political power and authority among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the central government.
B) national security.
C) states' rights, explicitly reserved to them by pending ratification of the 10th Amendment of the Constitution.
D) free enterprise.
E) federal authority.
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A) threatened First Amendment freedoms of speech and press.
B) established criteria for deporting dangerous foreigners.
C) changed naturalization requirements for new citizens.
D) was never enforced.
E) was found by the Supreme Court to be unconstitutional.
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A) The Alien Laws
B) The Sedition Act
C) The Convention of 1800
D) The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
E) Jay's Treaty
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A) poorer people would not have the means to travel the long distances to the polls to vote.
B) he feared that those without property could become political pawns of those who owned land.
C) he feared an uprising of the landless, leading to mobocracy.
D) only people with land had the means to obtain the education needed to be good citizens.
E) None of these choices are correct.
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A) paved the way for Thomas Jefferson to step into the presidency.
B) established a two-term tradition for American presidents.
C) was capped off with a powerful Farewell Address, delivered before thousands of people.
D) had political leaders singing his praises for his accomplishments and dedication.
E) led England to see the fledgling nation as vulnerable.
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A) political supporters of Adams and were led by Hamilton.
B) political supporters of Jefferson.
C) supporters of the war faction of the Federalist party.
D) Federalists who voted for the Republicans in the election of 1800.
E) backcountry supporters of the Whiskey Rebellion living in southwestern Pennsylvania and near the Indian frontier in the Old Northwest.
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A) defense
B) energy
C) labor
D) agriculture
E) education
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A) Articles of Confederation.
B) "necessary and proper" clause of the Constitution.
C) Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.
D) Tenth Amendment in the Bill of Rights.
E) restrictions on Congress's power in Article I, section 10 of the Constitution.
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A) backcountry pioneer folk saw whiskey not as a luxury but as an economic necessity and medium of exchange.
B) protesters felt burdened by Hamilton's economic programs.
C) President Washington responded to the Whiskey Rebellion by negotiating a peaceful resolution of the conflictwith the protestors.
D) protesters erected whiskey poles similar to liberty poles used against the Stamp Act in 1765.
E) whiskey rebels tarred and feathered revenue officers.
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A) had also reached a peace agreement with Britain.
B) wanted to concentrate on gaining more power and territory in Europe.
C) realized that the French could not win a military victory over the American forces.
D) had been convinced by the Democratic-Republican pleas for cooperation.
E) had been removed from power.
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A) would do great harm to the nation's economy.
B) might lead to military weakness.
C) could persuade individuals and nations not to lend money to the United States.
D) was beneficial, because people to whom the government owed money would work hard to make the nation a success.
E) could help his economic plans but not his political plans.
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A) the majority.
B) elites uninfluenced by the informed masses or "the best people."
C) farmers.
D) industrial workers.
E) native-born citizens only.
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A) the XYZ affair.
B) the Genêt mission.
C) the Neutrality Proclamation.
D) Washington's Farewell Address.
E) Jay's Treaty.
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A) pledged to stop seizing American ships.
B) released Americans from their pre-Revolutionary War debt obligations to British merchants.
C) promised to evacuate the chain of forts in the Old Northwest.
D) refused to pay damages for seizures of American ships.
E) were denied most favored nation status.
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A) the national government was the creation of the 13 sovereign states.
B) nullification was an invalid policy.
C) the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were illegal.
D) legislation such as the Alien and Sedition Acts was proper.
E) individuals, not the states, created the federal government.
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A) rebellious slaves; Jeffersonian newspapers and other outspoken political opponents of the Federalists
B) recent immigrants; Jeffersonian newspapers and other outspoken political opponents of the Federalists
C) recent immigrants; merchants
D) merchant smuggling; rebellious slaves
E) Indians; farmers
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A) increased George Washington's huge popularity.
B) provided further evidence of American support for France.
C) alienated America from Spain.
D) created deeper splits between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.
E) led to the election of Thomas Jefferson.
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A) the deportation of Citizen Genêt.
B) French seizure of American merchant ships.
C) the adjustment of the Florida boundary.
D) America's unilateral withdrawal from the Franco-American alliance.
E) Pinckney's Treaty.
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