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Political opponents of Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton asserted that his major economic programs infringed on


A) constitutional guarantees ofchecks and balances of political power and authority among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the central government.
B) national security.
C) states' rights, explicitly reserved to them by pending ratification of the 10th Amendment of the Constitution.
D) free enterprise.
E) federal authority.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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The Sedition Act


A) threatened First Amendment freedoms of speech and press.
B) established criteria for deporting dangerous foreigners.
C) changed naturalization requirements for new citizens.
D) was never enforced.
E) was found by the Supreme Court to be unconstitutional.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following laws, resolutions, and treaties were enacted by the Federalist Congress in 1798 in an effort to muzzle politically their Jeffersonian opponents?


A) The Alien Laws
B) The Sedition Act
C) The Convention of 1800
D) The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
E) Jay's Treaty

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Jefferson asserted landlessness threatened democracy as much as illiteracy because


A) poorer people would not have the means to travel the long distances to the polls to vote.
B) he feared that those without property could become political pawns of those who owned land.
C) he feared an uprising of the landless, leading to mobocracy.
D) only people with land had the means to obtain the education needed to be good citizens.
E) None of these choices are correct.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Washington's decision to retire from the presidency in 1797


A) paved the way for Thomas Jefferson to step into the presidency.
B) established a two-term tradition for American presidents.
C) was capped off with a powerful Farewell Address, delivered before thousands of people.
D) had political leaders singing his praises for his accomplishments and dedication.
E) led England to see the fledgling nation as vulnerable.

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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The High Federalists were


A) political supporters of Adams and were led by Hamilton.
B) political supporters of Jefferson.
C) supporters of the war faction of the Federalist party.
D) Federalists who voted for the Republicans in the election of 1800.
E) backcountry supporters of the Whiskey Rebellion living in southwestern Pennsylvania and near the Indian frontier in the Old Northwest.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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All of the following cabinet level departments were created in the 20th century EXCEPT


A) defense
B) energy
C) labor
D) agriculture
E) education

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Assume you were an independent yeoman farmer from Virginia, a New York manufacturer and exporter, Pennsylvania frontier moonshiner, or a Maryland artisan. How would you have voted on funding, assumption, the National Bank, and protective tariffs in Alexander Hamilton's economic program? Explain why you would have supported or opposed these particular pieces of Hamilton's economic program.

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As an independent yeoman farmer from Vir...

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Jefferson's argument against the constitutionality of a Bank of the United States were based on the strict construction principles, especially embodied in the


A) Articles of Confederation.
B) "necessary and proper" clause of the Constitution.
C) Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.
D) Tenth Amendment in the Bill of Rights.
E) restrictions on Congress's power in Article I, section 10 of the Constitution.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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All of the following are true statements about the Whiskey Rebellion EXCEPT


A) backcountry pioneer folk saw whiskey not as a luxury but as an economic necessity and medium of exchange.
B) protesters felt burdened by Hamilton's economic programs.
C) President Washington responded to the Whiskey Rebellion by negotiating a peaceful resolution of the conflictwith the protestors.
D) protesters erected whiskey poles similar to liberty poles used against the Stamp Act in 1765.
E) whiskey rebels tarred and feathered revenue officers.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The United States finally negotiated a peace settlement with France in 1800 mainly because Napoleon


A) had also reached a peace agreement with Britain.
B) wanted to concentrate on gaining more power and territory in Europe.
C) realized that the French could not win a military victory over the American forces.
D) had been convinced by the Democratic-Republican pleas for cooperation.
E) had been removed from power.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Alexander Hamilton believed that a limited national debt


A) would do great harm to the nation's economy.
B) might lead to military weakness.
C) could persuade individuals and nations not to lend money to the United States.
D) was beneficial, because people to whom the government owed money would work hard to make the nation a success.
E) could help his economic plans but not his political plans.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Federalists advocated rule by


A) the majority.
B) elites uninfluenced by the informed masses or "the best people."
C) farmers.
D) industrial workers.
E) native-born citizens only.

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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The immediate cause of the undeclared war between the United States and France was


A) the XYZ affair.
B) the Genêt mission.
C) the Neutrality Proclamation.
D) Washington's Farewell Address.
E) Jay's Treaty.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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In Jay's Treaty, the British


A) pledged to stop seizing American ships.
B) released Americans from their pre-Revolutionary War debt obligations to British merchants.
C) promised to evacuate the chain of forts in the Old Northwest.
D) refused to pay damages for seizures of American ships.
E) were denied most favored nation status.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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According to the compact theory advocated by Jefferson and Madison


A) the national government was the creation of the 13 sovereign states.
B) nullification was an invalid policy.
C) the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were illegal.
D) legislation such as the Alien and Sedition Acts was proper.
E) individuals, not the states, created the federal government.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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The Federalist-dominated Congress enacted the Alien Laws, which were aimed at ____; whereas, the Sedition Act was primarily aimed at ____.


A) rebellious slaves; Jeffersonian newspapers and other outspoken political opponents of the Federalists
B) recent immigrants; Jeffersonian newspapers and other outspoken political opponents of the Federalists
C) recent immigrants; merchants
D) merchant smuggling; rebellious slaves
E) Indians; farmers

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Which sectional and economic groups generally supported the Federalists and which the Democratic-Republicans? Why?

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The Federalists were generally supported...

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John Jay's 1794 treaty with Britain


A) increased George Washington's huge popularity.
B) provided further evidence of American support for France.
C) alienated America from Spain.
D) created deeper splits between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.
E) led to the election of Thomas Jefferson.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Foreign relations between the United States and France deteriorated in the late 1790s over


A) the deportation of Citizen Genêt.
B) French seizure of American merchant ships.
C) the adjustment of the Florida boundary.
D) America's unilateral withdrawal from the Franco-American alliance.
E) Pinckney's Treaty.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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