Question 1

When would a time-out be the most effective disciplinary strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)   when the child is less than 2 years old
B)   once the child can use words to express emotions
C)   if the child enjoys being with other people
D)   if the child is over 8 years oldE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

According to the text, sociodramatic play with peers may help children to develop _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   theory of mind
B)   gross motor skills
C)   aggressive tendencies
D)   antisocial behaviorE) A) and B)
F) B) and D) A

Question 3

What have teachers noted as effects of too much screen time among young children?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased conversation
B)   expanded imagination
C)   reduced outdoor play
D)   reduction of sexist attitudesE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following examples of praise would be effective in fostering intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Wow, you're such a good artist!"
B)   "You really worked hard on your drawing!"
C)   "I like your drawing so much that I'm going to get you new colored pencils!"
D)   "Let's put a sticker on the chart to show that you did some artwork today!"E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Describe the three parenting styles identified by Diana Baumrind.

Accepted Answer

Baumrind identified the following styles...

Question 6

According to the text, parents, peers, and teachers influence children's _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   sex differences
B)   temperament
C)   handedness
D)   gender differencesE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Children who have peers to actively play with tend to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   fight with them
B)   develop physical skills
C)   get overwhelmed
D)   tattle on their playmatesE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Psychological control is a punishment in which children's shame, guilt, and gratitude are used to control their behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Evolutionary theory proposes that children try to emulate their parents in appearance and behavior in order to become attractive to the opposite sex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Rough-and-tumble play between boys and fathers may prevent _____ at a later age.

Accepted Answer

A)   development of the prefrontal cortex
B)   the development of imagination
C)   antisocial behavior
D)   emotional regulationE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

An angry 5-year-old girl might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   social referencing
B)   self-esteem
C)   identification
D)   emotional regulationE) C) and D)
F) All of the above D

Question 12

When 4-year-old Karen is angry, she lashes out by hitting. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   an internalizing problem
B)   an externalizing problem
C)   modulated emotional expression
D)   frustration managementE) None of the above
F) A) and B) B

Question 13

Rough-and-tumble play helps children to develop self-control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Roderick hits or kicks Edwin on the playground nearly every day. He also encourages other children to laugh at Edwin's attempts to kick a ball. Roderick is using _____ aggression against Edwin.

Accepted Answer

A)   reactive
B)   instrumental
C)   bullying
D)   relationalE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Karlene has just required her 4-year-old daughter to sit quietly, without toys or any form of play, for a few minutes after her daughter deliberately poured juice on the floor. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   time-out
B)   induction
C)   child maltreatment
D)   physical punishmentE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Which scenario illustrates prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   Savannah takes out the garbage in exchange for a quarter.
B)   Selena helps her mother clean so that her mother will take her to the park.
C)   Gwen says "please" when asking her mother for a dollar.
D)   Bethany feeds her baby brother because her mother is sick.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 17

Multicultural research on parenting styles and their effects on children has found that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   parents' disciplinary methods are more important than parental warmth, support, and concern
B)   parental warmth, support, and concern are as important as parents' disciplinary method
C)   parental warmth, support, and concern are more important than overall parental style
D)   parents' disciplinary methods are universally similarE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Emil has reached the age at which he is unlikely to throw a temper tantrum. He is likely about _____ years old.

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   3
C)   5
D)   8E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Young children play best with parents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Brain maturation allows play to become more social with age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 10: Early Childhood: Psychosocial Development

When would a time-out be the most effective disciplinary strategy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, sociodramatic play with peers may help children to develop _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What have teachers noted as effects of too much screen time among young children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following examples of praise would be effective in fostering intrinsic motivation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the three parenting styles identified by Diana Baumrind.

Correct AnswerverifiedBaumrind identified the following styles...View AnswerShow Answer

According to the text, parents, peers, and teachers influence children's _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children who have peers to actively play with tend to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychological control is a punishment in which children's shame, guilt, and gratitude are used to control their behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary theory proposes that children try to emulate their parents in appearance and behavior in order to become attractive to the opposite sex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rough-and-tumble play between boys and fathers may prevent _____ at a later age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An angry 5-year-old girl might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

When 4-year-old Karen is angry, she lashes out by hitting. This is an example of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Rough-and-tumble play helps children to develop self-control.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Roderick hits or kicks Edwin on the playground nearly every day. He also encourages other children to laugh at Edwin's attempts to kick a ball. Roderick is using _____ aggression against Edwin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Karlene has just required her 4-year-old daughter to sit quietly, without toys or any form of play, for a few minutes after her daughter deliberately poured juice on the floor. This is an example of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which scenario illustrates prosocial behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multicultural research on parenting styles and their effects on children has found that _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emil has reached the age at which he is unlikely to throw a temper tantrum. He is likely about _____ years old.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Young children play best with parents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brain maturation allows play to become more social with age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Baumrind identified the following styles...
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