Question 1

The _______________ regulates pesticides in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A)  FDA
B)  BLM
C)  USDA
D)  EPA
E)  PRAF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Bisphenol -A is _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  a currently used herbicide
B)  an estrogen mimic that is used in plastic manufacturing
C)  a banned insecticide
D)  released from aerosol spray cans
E)  produced when fossil fuels are burnedF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

Explain and give an example of biomagnification.Identify two key characteristics of toxins that become biomagnified.

Accepted Answer

When one organism ingests a toxicant,the...

Question 4

Initiated in 2007,the REACH program _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  requires all chemicals imported into the United States to have a material safety data sheet
B)  regulates the chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing
C)  protects European companies who have patented trade secrets from revealing the chemical information about their products
D)  replaced the Toxic Substances Control Act with a policy that was more strict regarding chemical safety
E)  was passed by the European Union to protect its citizens from unsafe chemicalsF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following describes a scenario involving pesticide drift?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pesticides are copied by companies producing generic varieties,but the generic varieties have greater toxic effects than the original pesticides.
B)  Pesticides contain carcinogens that cause cancer in the workers using the chemicals.
C)  Pesticides leach into groundwater aquifers,sickening those who use the aquifers for drinking water.
D)  Pesticides being used in a mountain valley are carried by air currents into the surrounding hills,killing amphibians living in the hills' streams.
E)  Pesticides run off into a local waterway that flows into a nearby fishing lake,killing some of the sensitive species of fish that live in the lake.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring focuses primarily on the environmental problems associated with _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  invasive species
B)  deforestation
C)  pesticide toxicity
D)  aquifer depletion
E)  overpopulationF) A) and E)
G) C) and E) C

Question 7

_______________ is/are biodegradable and known to have (a) short persistence time(s) .

Accepted Answer

A)  Bt toxin
B)  PBDEs
C)  DDE
D)  PCBs
E)  DDTF) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Louis Guillette is well known for his studies of _______________ in Florida.

Accepted Answer

A)  the neurological effects of pesticide poisoning in flamingos
B)  the contamination of soil near orange orchards
C)  the effects of DDT on tadpole development
D)  reproductive and developmental abnormalities in alligators
E)  gonadal abnormalities in frogsF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

How is the precautionary principle used in environmental health? What is an alternative philosophical approach?

Accepted Answer

The precautionary principle states that ...

Question 10

The Toxic Substances Control Act regulates _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  industrial chemicals
B)  pesticides
C)  cosmetics
D)  food additives
E)  drugsF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Of the chemicals that fall under the Toxic Substances Control Act, _______________ have been thoroughly tested for toxicity and _______________ damage. have been tested for endocrine,nervous,or immune system

Accepted Answer

A)  10; 2%
B)  25; 10%
C)  half; half
D)  10; 10%
E)  half; 25%F) B) and C)
G) A) and E) A

Question 12

Which of the following is a cultural hazard?

Accepted Answer

A)  flooding
B)  a high -fat diet
C)  Zika virus
D)  an earthquake
E)  UV radiation from the sunF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

(c)  Unconventional dose-response curve
Use the accompanying figure to answer the following question.
-Assuming that the scales for graphs (a) and (b) are identical,which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The toxicant shown in (b) has a lower LD50 compared to the toxicant shown in (a) .
B)  The toxicant shown in (b) has a higher toxicity than the toxicant shown in (a) .
C)  Graphs (a) and (b) show results for the same toxicant,but graph (a) shows a higher dose than graph (b) .
D)  Graphs (a) and (b) show results for the same toxicant,but graph (b) shows a higher dose than graph (a) .
E)  The toxicant shown in (b) has a lower toxicity than the toxicant shown in (a) .F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 14

Why are many contaminants found at higher concentrations in polar bears and people living in Greenland than they are in bears and people living in temperate and tropical areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polar bears and people living in Greenland eat penguins,which are naturally high in toxic contaminants.
B)  The ice sheets in Greenland,which provide both people and polar bears with fresh water,were contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl nuclear accident.
C)  Most of Greenland's GDP comes from importing toxic chemicals for disposal deep beneath its ice sheets.
D)  There are fewer regulations regarding the release of toxic pollutants in Greenland than in other regions of the world.
E)  Global atmospheric circulation carries airborne toxins toward the poles,where their deposition exceeds evaporation.F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

Infectious disease accounts for _______________% of deaths globally.

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 1
B)  almost 17
C)  almost 50
D)  almost 64
E)  almost 79F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

(c)  Unconventional dose-response curve
Use the accompanying figure to answer the following question.
-The flat line at the left in (b) probably represents __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  no visible effect because the body's physiological processes can cope with low doses of a toxicant
B)  that no data were collected for the flatline area
C)  competing effects of some other substance whose effect wasn't measured
D)  the fact that no toxicant was introduced until the response line begins to rise
E)  the fact that there is no physiological effect of the toxicant at low dosesF) C) and E)
G) All of the above A

Question 17

The effect of a toxicant on fetuses and young children tends to be _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher in females than males
B)  less than on adults because their metabolism is higher
C)  higher for allergens than for teratogens
D)  greater than on adults
E)  the same as for adults because all individuals generally have the same response to a toxicantF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

The bald eagle and peregrine falcon are _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  top consumers susceptible to eggshell damage caused by DDT
B)  U) S.invasive species
C)  extinct
D)  overhunted for their feathers
E)  found only in FloridaF) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Synergistic effects of toxicants _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  always involve synthetic toxicants
B)  are greater than the sum of the effects of the components
C)  are not numerous in the natural environment
D)  have effects of individual toxicants that tend to cancel one another out
E)  typically exhibit additive effects of the individual toxicantsF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

The book Our Stolen Future was important because it _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  was the first book that discussed environmental problems with DDT
B)  was the first book to dispute claims in Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring
C)  was the first book that discussed water pollution problems in Lake Apopka
D)  is credited with starting the environmental movement in the United States
E)  was the first book to focus on the impacts of endocrine -disrupting chemicalsF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Exam 14: Environmental Health and Toxicology

The _______________ regulates pesticides in the United States.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bisphenol -A is _______________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain and give an example of biomagnification.Identify two key characteristics of toxins that become biomagnified.

Correct AnswerverifiedWhen one organism ingests a toxicant,the...View AnswerShow Answer

Initiated in 2007,the REACH program _______________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes a scenario involving pesticide drift?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring focuses primarily on the environmental problems associated with _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

_______________ is/are biodegradable and known to have (a) short persistence time(s) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Louis Guillette is well known for his studies of _______________ in Florida.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is the precautionary principle used in environmental health? What is an alternative philosophical approach?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe precautionary principle states that ...View AnswerShow Answer

The Toxic Substances Control Act regulates _______________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the chemicals that fall under the Toxic Substances Control Act, _______________ have been thoroughly tested for toxicity and _______________ damage. have been tested for endocrine,nervous,or immune system

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following is a cultural hazard?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

(c) Unconventional dose-response curve Use the accompanying figure to answer the following question. -Assuming that the scales for graphs (a) and (b) are identical,which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are many contaminants found at higher concentrations in polar bears and people living in Greenland than they are in bears and people living in temperate and tropical areas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infectious disease accounts for _______________% of deaths globally.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

(c) Unconventional dose-response curve Use the accompanying figure to answer the following question. -The flat line at the left in (b) probably represents __________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The effect of a toxicant on fetuses and young children tends to be _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bald eagle and peregrine falcon are _______________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synergistic effects of toxicants _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The book Our Stolen Future was important because it _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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When one organism ingests a toxicant,the...
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The precautionary principle states that ...
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Of the chemicals that fall under the Toxic Substances Control Act, _ have been thoroughly tested for toxicity and _ damage. have been tested for endocrine,nervous,or immune system

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