Question 1

Mr. Wagner stands in front of the class explaining the process of evolution. Ellen is sitting in the front row, but her mind is on the fight she had with her best friend just before class. Based on this information, how far in Ellen's memory system did Mr. Wagner's lecture get?

Accepted Answer

A)   It reached the sensory register.
B)   It reached working memory.
C)   It reached long-term memory.
D)   It never got into the memory system at all.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 2

Which one of the following examples best illustrates involvement of a central executive in the human memory system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adam absentmindedly cracks his knuckles every minute or two.
B)   Brigette works hard to keep her mind on her textbook as she reads.
C)   As she sits in a science lecture, Claudia's thoughts continually drift to other topics.
D)   David is frightened the first time he hears the loud noises at a fireworks display.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Frank sees an egg-shaped ball that he later "remembers" as being perfectly round. Frank's mistaken recollection is an example of the Gestalt principle of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Proximity
B)   Closure
C)   Prägnanz
D)   RestructuringE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Considering current views regarding the capacity of working memory, which one of the following sets of information could be held entirely in working memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   The names of 20 friends
B)   The visual images of 20 friends
C)   Two pages of narrative from a mystery novel
D)   A list of five miscellaneous household objectsE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

A classroom of talkative students immediately quiets down and pays attention when the teacher yells, "Listen to me!" quite loudly. The students' sudden attentiveness to the teacher demonstrates the effect of _______ on attention.

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulus intensity
B)   personal relevance
C)   proximity
D)   working memoryE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Only one of the following teachers is applying contemporary memory theory. Which one?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ms. Alphonso suggests that students in her Russian class listen to Russian tapes while they sleep.
B)   Mr. Bancroft helps students identify important ideas in their textbooks.
C)   Ms. Cranston asks her students to memorize definitions of 15 geometric figures.
D)   Mr. Dominowski suggests that his students put information for tomorrow's test in their short-term memories.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

When memory theorists talk about control processes, they are talking about:

Accepted Answer

A)   Observable behaviors e.g., walking to a new location)  that affect what information in the environment is encountered
B)   How the environment structures people's opportunities to learn new things
C)   The methods that teachers use to facilitate a learner's memory for information
D)   Cognitive processes that affect storage and retrieval of informationE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Which one of the following scenarios best reflects the basic idea of individual constructivism?

Accepted Answer

A)   A student tries to make sense of a poorly written and confusing magazine article.
B)   A teacher assigns a laboratory activity using cumbersome equipment that students can only use successfully by working in pairs.
C)   A student practices playing the F major scale on his violin until he can play it perfectly.
D)   Four students in a study group divide the day's reading assignment into four sections. Each student reads a section and then teaches the material to the other group members.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

In each of the three situations below, information enters a student's memory system. For each situation, use the dual-store model of memory to: 1) identify the last component of memory in which the event has been stored, and 2) explain how you arrived at your conclusion.
a. Thursday night, Jennifer studies for a test on Friday morning. She remembers the material quite accurately on Tuesday and gets an A on the test. When she takes a review test two months later, however, she can no longer remember that same material.
b. Justin is trying to learn information in his textbook. His eyes are focused on the words in front of him, but he is thinking about the fishing trip he has planned for the weekend.
c. After her French teacher says, "Merci beaucoup," Josephine repeats the phrase, then she immediately turns to talk to her friend.

Accepted Answer

a. According to the dual-store model of ...

Question 10

John and Jenny are both taking the same math test on Friday. John studies for 6 hours on Thursday. Jenny studies for 2 hours per day on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. According to research consistent with the verbal learning theory, which student should perform better on the math exam and why?

Accepted Answer

A)   Jenny, because she studied for more days overall.
B)   Neither, they would perform the same because they both studied for the same amount of time overall.
C)   John, because all of his studying was massed together.
D)   Jenny, because her studying was distribute over time.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Three of the following teachers are practicing principles from contemporary memory theory. Which teacher is not?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mr. Adamson tells his students that, with practice, they will be able to do complicated long division problems in their heads.
B)   Ms. Borelli tells her students that they should not try to remember every detail in their 100-page reading assignment, but instead should focus on main ideas.
C)   Mr. Canton makes sure that students are paying attention before he begins an explanation of photosynthesis.
D)   Ms. Darwin talks about how famous battles in history are in some ways similar to the fights students sometimes have on the playground.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

In a series of experiments, Tolman investigated the role of reinforcement in learning. Which one of the following conclusions emerged from his research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reinforcement is essential for learning, but not for performance.
B)   Reinforcement is distracting, so interferes with learning.
C)   Responses can be learned even when they are not reinforced.
D)   Reinforcement is important only if the organism is unmotivated.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

John learned the capitals of all 50 US states when he was a child. As an adult, he can no longer recall or recognize any of the 50 state capitals. However, he relearned the capitals faster than Jenny who did not learn the state capitals as a child. John's relearning suggests that the information regarding the state capitals remained in his ________________ from the time he first learned them as a child.

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory register
B)   working memory
C)   long-term memory
D)   sensory register and working memoryE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Mrs. Pike's class is learning to spell twenty new words. They learn 5 words per day for four days Monday through Thursday) . On Friday the students are given a spelling test on all 20 words. When Mrs. Pike is grading the tests, she notices that most students remembered the words that we taught on Thursday, but not on Monday through Wednesday. Which verbal learning principle can explain Mrs. Pike's spelling test results?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primacy effect
B)   Recency effect
C)   Overlearning
D)   Proactive inhibitionE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Which one of the following statements best describes contextual views of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)   Information stored in long-term memory is highly interrelated, such that everything is either directly or indirectly connected with everything else.
B)   Learners can tackle complex tasks more successfully when they have familiar concrete tools to assist them in their efforts.
C)   Practice in applying principles of deductive and inductive reasoning leads to more logical thought processes in a variety of contexts.
D)   People of all ages-but especially young children-learn most effectively when they can relate a new concept to their own experiences.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Peter and Paul are both listening to the same lecture. Peter is trying to learn the information being presented so that he can remember it later on. Paul is listening closely but not necessarily trying to remember it. From a levels-of-processing perspective, we would predict that:

Accepted Answer

A)   Peter is engaging in incidental learning, so will probably remember more.
B)   Paul is likely to process the information at a deeper level, so will probably remember more.
C)   Both boys will remember the same amount if they process the information in the same way.
D)   Both boys will remember the same amount if they are equally alert.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Jennifer was given a random list of 20 words to study. Jennifer was then asked to recall as many of the words as she could remember in a free recall task. Consistent with verbal learning research, which of the following orders is Jennifer most likely to recall the words in?

Accepted Answer

A)   Random order
B)   The same order the words were presented in
C)   In categories organized by the words' meanings
D)   Alphabetical orderE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Describe what psychologists mean when they say that attention and working memory have a limited capacity. Discuss at least two implications of this limited capacity for learning in the classroom.

Accepted Answer

When psychologists say that attention an...

Question 19

Describe what is meant by serial learning and paired associate learning and give a real-life example of each.

Accepted Answer

Serial learning refers to the process of...

Question 20

Learning theorists often emphasize the importance of attention in the learning process? From the perspective of the dual-store model of memory, why is attention so important?

Accepted Answer

A)   It gets information into the sensory register.
B)   It moves information from working memory into long-term memory.
C)   It moves information from the sensory register into long-term memory.
D)   It moves information from the sensory register into working memory.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 6: Introduction to Cognitive Perspectives

Three of the following teachers are practicing principles from contemporary memory theory. Which teacher is not?

Correct Answer
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Frank sees an egg-shaped ball that he later "remembers" as being perfectly round. Frank's mistaken recollection is an example of the Gestalt principle of:

Correct Answer
verified

Mr. Wagner stands in front of the class explaining the process of evolution. Ellen is sitting in the front row, but her mind is on the fight she had with her best friend just before class. Based on this information, how far in Ellen's memory system did Mr. Wagner's lecture get?

Correct Answer
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Describe what psychologists mean when they say that attention and working memory have a limited capacity. Discuss at least two implications of this limited capacity for learning in the classroom.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
When psychologists say that attention an...
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Only one of the following teachers is applying contemporary memory theory. Which one?

Correct Answer
verified

Learning theorists often emphasize the importance of attention in the learning process? From the perspective of the dual-store model of memory, why is attention so important?

Correct Answer
verified

John and Jenny are both taking the same math test on Friday. John studies for 6 hours on Thursday. Jenny studies for 2 hours per day on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. According to research consistent with the verbal learning theory, which student should perform better on the math exam and why?

Correct Answer
verified

When memory theorists talk about control processes, they are talking about:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
a. According to the dual-store model of ...
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Correct Answer
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Which one of the following examples best illustrates involvement of a central executive in the human memory system?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Considering current views regarding the capacity of working memory, which one of the following sets of information could be held entirely in working memory?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements best describes contextual views of learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following scenarios best reflects the basic idea of individual constructivism?

Correct Answer
verified

In a series of experiments, Tolman investigated the role of reinforcement in learning. Which one of the following conclusions emerged from his research?

Correct Answer
verified

Jennifer was given a random list of 20 words to study. Jennifer was then asked to recall as many of the words as she could remember in a free recall task. Consistent with verbal learning research, which of the following orders is Jennifer most likely to recall the words in?

Correct Answer
verified

A classroom of talkative students immediately quiets down and pays attention when the teacher yells, "Listen to me!" quite loudly. The students' sudden attentiveness to the teacher demonstrates the effect of _______ on attention.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe what is meant by serial learning and paired associate learning and give a real-life example of each.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Serial learning refers to the process of...
View Answer

Peter and Paul are both listening to the same lecture. Peter is trying to learn the information being presented so that he can remember it later on. Paul is listening closely but not necessarily trying to remember it. From a levels-of-processing perspective, we would predict that:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Introduction to Cognitive Perspectives

Three of the following teachers are practicing principles from contemporary memory theory. Which teacher is not?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Frank sees an egg-shaped ball that he later "remembers" as being perfectly round. Frank's mistaken recollection is an example of the Gestalt principle of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr. Wagner stands in front of the class explaining the process of evolution. Ellen is sitting in the front row, but her mind is on the fight she had with her best friend just before class. Based on this information, how far in Ellen's memory system did Mr. Wagner's lecture get?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe what psychologists mean when they say that attention and working memory have a limited capacity. Discuss at least two implications of this limited capacity for learning in the classroom.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIWhen psychologists say that attention an...View AnswerShow Answer

Only one of the following teachers is applying contemporary memory theory. Which one?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Learning theorists often emphasize the importance of attention in the learning process? From the perspective of the dual-store model of memory, why is attention so important?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

John and Jenny are both taking the same math test on Friday. John studies for 6 hours on Thursday. Jenny studies for 2 hours per day on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. According to research consistent with the verbal learning theory, which student should perform better on the math exam and why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When memory theorists talk about control processes, they are talking about:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIa. According to the dual-store model of ...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following examples best illustrates involvement of a central executive in the human memory system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Considering current views regarding the capacity of working memory, which one of the following sets of information could be held entirely in working memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements best describes contextual views of learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following scenarios best reflects the basic idea of individual constructivism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a series of experiments, Tolman investigated the role of reinforcement in learning. Which one of the following conclusions emerged from his research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jennifer was given a random list of 20 words to study. Jennifer was then asked to recall as many of the words as she could remember in a free recall task. Consistent with verbal learning research, which of the following orders is Jennifer most likely to recall the words in?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A classroom of talkative students immediately quiets down and pays attention when the teacher yells, "Listen to me!" quite loudly. The students' sudden attentiveness to the teacher demonstrates the effect of _______ on attention.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe what is meant by serial learning and paired associate learning and give a real-life example of each.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AISerial learning refers to the process of...View AnswerShow Answer

Peter and Paul are both listening to the same lecture. Peter is trying to learn the information being presented so that he can remember it later on. Paul is listening closely but not necessarily trying to remember it. From a levels-of-processing perspective, we would predict that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
When psychologists say that attention an...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
a. According to the dual-store model of ...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Serial learning refers to the process of...
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Correct Answer
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