Question 1

Which of the following statements about self-esteem is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   People with low self-esteem tend to be negative about others.
B)   People with high self-esteem are less prone to drug addiction.
C)   People with low self-esteem tend to be nonconformists.
D)   People with high self-esteem suffer less from insomnia.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Those who perceive an internal locus of control believe that

Accepted Answer

A)   world events are largely controlled by a few powerful people.
B)   an excess of personal freedom decreases life satisfaction.
C)   individuals can influence their own outcomes in life.
D)   self-control grows permanently weaker with exercise.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)  is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   projective personality test.
B)   empirically derived and objective personality test.
C)   personality test developed mainly to assess job applicants.
D)   personality test used primarily to assess locus of control.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

A major criticism of trait theory is that it

Accepted Answer

A)   places too great an emphasis on early childhood experiences.
B)   overestimates the consistency of behavior in different situations.
C)   underestimates the importance of heredity in personality development.
D)   places too great an emphasis on positive traits.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The Big Five trait dimensions were identified by means of

Accepted Answer

A)   the MMPI.
B)   free association.
C)   projective tests.
D)   factor analysis.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

After experiencing inescapable brutalities as a prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp, Mr. Sternberg became apathetic, stopped eating, and gave up all efforts to physically survive the ordeal. Mr. Sternberg's reaction most clearly illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   an inferiority complex.
B)   the spotlight effect.
C)   learned helplessness.
D)   an internal locus of control.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Throughout a National Football League season, fans of all teams guessed on average (across teams and weeks)  that their own team stood about a 2 in 3 chance of winning their next game. This best illustrated

Accepted Answer

A)   positive psychology.
B)   the spotlight effect.
C)   illusory optimism.
D)   an external locus of control.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

Sheen is usually animated and talkative when he is with his girlfriend, but he is often quiet and reserved at home. He actively participates in many class discussions but frequently seems reluctant to talk with friends at the campus coffee shop. Sheen's behavior should make us more cautious about overemphasizing the impact of ________ on behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   personality traits
B)   self-actualization
C)   reciprocal determinism
D)   defense mechanismsE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Some sexually active undergraduate women do not consistently use contraceptives because they see themselves as less vulnerable to unwanted pregnancy than most other undergraduate women. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   low self-esteem.
B)   displacement.
C)   the spotlight effect.
D)   unrealistic optimism.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Psychologist Jean Twenge refers to today's new generation as Generation Me because it expresses high levels of

Accepted Answer

A)   openness.
B)   narcissism.
C)   free association.
D)   unconditional positive regard.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Coretta is quiet, pessimistic, anxious, and moody. In terms of the Eysencks' basic personality dimensions, she would be classified as

Accepted Answer

A)   unstable-introverted.
B)   manic-depressive.
C)   external-dependent.
D)   passive-aggressive.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

The social-cognitive perspective highlights the interaction of personal traits with our environment, a process that Albert Bandura called

Accepted Answer

A)   free association.
B)   self-actualization.
C)   reciprocal determinism.
D)   reaction formation.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Emotional instability is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Accepted Answer

A)   openness.
B)   neuroticism.
C)   agreeableness.
D)   conscientiousness.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Narcissism is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   less gambling and less cheating.
B)   less gambling and more cheating.
C)   more gambling and less cheating.
D)   more gambling and more cheating.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

The Eysencks believed that extraversion and emotionality are

Accepted Answer

A)   psychosexual stages.
B)   reciprocal determinants.
C)   genetically influenced.
D)   aspects of self-esteem.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Research has shown that individuals who are made to feel insecure are subsequently

Accepted Answer

A)   more critical of others.
B)   less critical of others.
C)   more likely to display self-serving bias.
D)   less likely to display self-serving bias.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 17

The Big Five personality factors are

Accepted Answer

A)   emotional stability, openness, introversion, sociability, locus of control.
B)   neuroticism, extraversion, openness, emotional stability, sensitivity.
C)   neuroticism, gregariousness, extraversion, impulsiveness, conscientiousness.
D)   emotional stability, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

If we are nervous about our personal appearance after adopting a new hairstyle, we are likely to ________ the extent to which others notice our nervousness and we are likely to ________ the extent to which they notice our new hairstyle.

Accepted Answer

A)   overestimate; underestimate
B)   underestimate; overestimate
C)   overestimate; overestimate
D)   underestimate; underestimateE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Laura fails to recognize any connection between her unsafe sexual practices and the likelihood of contracting a sexually transmitted infection. Laura's lack of perceptiveness best illustrates the dangers of

Accepted Answer

A)   free association.
B)   unconditional positive regard.
C)   the spotlight effect.
D)   an external locus of control.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Students perceive themselves as less likely than the average classmate to develop drinking problems or drop out of school. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the Barnum effect.
B)   the spotlight effect.
C)   the false consensus effect.
D)   unrealistic optimism.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 42: Trait Theories, Social-Cognitive Theories, and the Self

Coretta is quiet, pessimistic, anxious, and moody. In terms of the Eysencks' basic personality dimensions, she would be classified as

Correct Answer
verified

The Big Five trait dimensions were identified by means of

Correct Answer
verified

The Big Five personality factors are

Correct Answer
verified

A major criticism of trait theory is that it

Correct Answer
verified

Narcissism is associated with

Correct Answer
verified

Throughout a National Football League season, fans of all teams guessed on average (across teams and weeks) that their own team stood about a 2 in 3 chance of winning their next game. This best illustrated

Correct Answer
verified

The social-cognitive perspective highlights the interaction of personal traits with our environment, a process that Albert Bandura called

Correct Answer
verified

Students perceive themselves as less likely than the average classmate to develop drinking problems or drop out of school. This best illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about self-esteem is NOT correct?

Correct Answer
verified

Laura fails to recognize any connection between her unsafe sexual practices and the likelihood of contracting a sexually transmitted infection. Laura's lack of perceptiveness best illustrates the dangers of

Correct Answer
verified

Psychologist Jean Twenge refers to today's new generation as Generation Me because it expresses high levels of

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Some sexually active undergraduate women do not consistently use contraceptives because they see themselves as less vulnerable to unwanted pregnancy than most other undergraduate women. This best illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

If we are nervous about our personal appearance after adopting a new hairstyle, we are likely to the extent to which others notice our nervousness and we are likely to the extent to which they notice our new hairstyle.

Correct Answer
verified

After experiencing inescapable brutalities as a prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp, Mr. Sternberg became apathetic, stopped eating, and gave up all efforts to physically survive the ordeal. Mr. Sternberg's reaction most clearly illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

Research has shown that individuals who are made to feel insecure are subsequently

Correct Answer
verified

The Eysencks believed that extraversion and emotionality are

Correct Answer
verified

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Emotional instability is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Correct Answer
verified

Those who perceive an internal locus of control believe that

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 42: Trait Theories, Social-Cognitive Theories, and the Self

Coretta is quiet, pessimistic, anxious, and moody. In terms of the Eysencks' basic personality dimensions, she would be classified as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Big Five trait dimensions were identified by means of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Big Five personality factors are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major criticism of trait theory is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Narcissism is associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Throughout a National Football League season, fans of all teams guessed on average (across teams and weeks) that their own team stood about a 2 in 3 chance of winning their next game. This best illustrated

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The social-cognitive perspective highlights the interaction of personal traits with our environment, a process that Albert Bandura called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Students perceive themselves as less likely than the average classmate to develop drinking problems or drop out of school. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about self-esteem is NOT correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Laura fails to recognize any connection between her unsafe sexual practices and the likelihood of contracting a sexually transmitted infection. Laura's lack of perceptiveness best illustrates the dangers of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologist Jean Twenge refers to today's new generation as Generation Me because it expresses high levels of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some sexually active undergraduate women do not consistently use contraceptives because they see themselves as less vulnerable to unwanted pregnancy than most other undergraduate women. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If we are nervous about our personal appearance after adopting a new hairstyle, we are likely to ________ the extent to which others notice our nervousness and we are likely to ________ the extent to which they notice our new hairstyle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After experiencing inescapable brutalities as a prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp, Mr. Sternberg became apathetic, stopped eating, and gave up all efforts to physically survive the ordeal. Mr. Sternberg's reaction most clearly illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has shown that individuals who are made to feel insecure are subsequently

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Eysencks believed that extraversion and emotionality are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emotional instability is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Those who perceive an internal locus of control believe that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
verified

If we are nervous about our personal appearance after adopting a new hairstyle, we are likely to the extent to which others notice our nervousness and we are likely to the extent to which they notice our new hairstyle.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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