Question 1

A chromosome without a centromere is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  segmental
B)  paracentric
C)  pericentric
D)  dicentric
E)  acentricF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

Doubling the chromosomes of a sterile species hybrid with colchicine or cold shock is a method used to produce a fertile species hybrid called a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  autoploid
B)  allopolyploid
C)  amphidiploid 
D)  triploid
E)  autoallopolyploidF) C) and D)
G) B) and D) C

Question 3

Name two methods used in genetic prenatal diagnostic testing in humans.

Accepted Answer

A)  chorionic villus sampling and cellular mitotic analysis
B)  whole genome sequencing and PCR
C)  amniocentesis and DSCR
D)  amniocentesis and NIPGD
E)  amniocentesis and fetal uterine physiology compatibility testF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Given that a human normally contains 46 chromosomes,give the chromosome number for each of the following conditions: Turner syndrome female,no Barr bodies Klinefelter syndrome male,one Barr body

Accepted Answer

A)  47,45
B)  46,47
C)  45,47
D)  47,47
E)  45,46F) C) and D)
G) All of the above C

Question 5

The chromosomal aberration that causes cri- du- chat syndrome can be referred to as an____.

Accepted Answer

A)  segmental deletion
B)  reciprocal translocation
C)  simple translocation
D)  duplication
E)  inversionF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

Genetic anticipation is best described as____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  the phenomenon by which synapsis is delayed due to translocation cross formation
B)  trinucleotide repeats increase in future generations
C)  cells stop during the cell cycle to check for DNA damage or acentric fragments
D)  trinucleotide repeats form fragile sites
E)  the G2 gap before meiosisF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Assume that a species has a diploid chromosome number of 24.The term applied to an individual with 25 chromosomes would be____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  triploid
B)  trisomy
C)  euploid
D)  aneuploidy
E)  aneuploidy and trisomyF) B) and D)
G) C) and E) E

Question 8

A child is born with Turner's syndrome and she is red green color blind recessive X- linked) .Her father is red green color blind as well and her mother is homozygous dominant for color sight.What had to happen in order for this child to be born with this chromosomal complement?

Accepted Answer

A)  nondisjunction in either meiosis I or meiosis II of the father
B)  nondisjunction in meiosis II of the mother
C)  nondisjunction in meiosis II of the father
D)  nondisjunction in meiosis I of the father
E)  nondisjunction in either meiosis I or meiosis II of the motherF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

Haploinsufficiency refers to____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  the genetic predisposition for some genes to come in only one copy in the genome
B)  the process by which a single gene will cause a cascading effect on a genome's phenotype
C)  the condition whereby a single cell is insufficient to divide to cause cancer
D)  the condition whereby a single chromosome is insufficient to sustain life
E)  a state of being whereby a single gene is sufficient to cause several phenotypesF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

An expected meiotic pairing configuration in a____ would be a trivalent.

Accepted Answer

A)  monoploid
B)  diploid
C)  monosomic individual
D)  trisomic individual
E)  triploidF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

What is a fragile site?

Accepted Answer

A)  a site in a chromosome prone to duplication,such as the bar gene
B)  a structural component of a chromosome due to proteins bound to it that leads to a high percentage of chromosomal breakage
C)  the telomere of a chromosome can fall off due to spindle malfunctions during meiosis
D)  a structural component of a chromosome due to the nucleotide sequence to it that leads to a high percentage of chromosomal breakage
E)  an area around the centromere prone to inversion due to gene duplicationsF) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

What is the leading cause of Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  In men over 25,sperm formation is impaired and produces monosomic children.
B)  Aberrant implantation in the uterus leads to developmental problems in the fetus.
C)  The nondisjunctional event that produces Down syndrome occurs more frequently during oogenesis in women older than age 35.
D)  In older parents,there is egg/sperm incompatibility leading to duplication of chromosome 21.
E)  In older females,chromosome 21 is duplicated leading to abnormal egg formation.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

What type of chromosomal configuration does the following diagram illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  inversion paracentric.heterozygote
B)  reciprocal translocation heterozygote
C)  inversion paricentric.heterozygote
D)  inversion paracentric.homozygote
E)  simple translocation heterozygoteF) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 14

What explanation is generally given for lethality of monosomic individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  The loss of a single chromosome is not generally lethal,unless the individual is inbred.
B)  Cells count the number of chromosomes they have and will undergo apoptosis when the chromosome number is incorrect.
C)  Monosomic chromosomes cannot undergo mitosis correctly.
D)  The gametes of monosomic individuals cannot undergo meiosis,and this is lethal.
E)  Monosomy may unmask recessive lethals that are tolerated in heterozygotes carrying the wild- type allele.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

The condition known as cri- du- chat syndrome in humans has a genetic constitution designated as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  trisomy
B)  46,5p-
C)  45,X
D)  heteroplasmy
E)  triploidyF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

Having a complete set or sets of chromosomes is called____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ploidy
B)  diploid
C)  euploid
D)  monoploid
E)  aneuploidyF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

What is a potentially evolutionary advantage of inversion heterozygosity?

Accepted Answer

A)  inversion loops stimulate favorable allele combinations
B)  haploinsufficiency does not occur in inversion heterozygotes
C)  if a favorable complement of alleles occurs in an inversion heterozygote,they will not be disrupted by crossing over
D)  enhanced genetic variation in the offspring
E)  there is noneF) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 18

____is viewed as a major cause of aneuploidy.

Accepted Answer

A)  X- ray mutations
B)  Heat treatment
C)  Segmental deletions
D)  Colchicine treatment
E)  NondisjunctionF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

An ____may arise when three sperm cells are involved in fertilization of a single egg.

Accepted Answer

A)  allotriploid
B)  allotetraploid
C)  autotriploid
D)  aneuploidy
E)  autotetraploidF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

How do deletions and translocations in chromosomes often occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes will break and the sticky ends will rejoin
B)  during meiosis I,sister chromatid exchange leads to abnormalities
C)  colchicine treatment causes chromosomal rearrangements
D)  when cells undergo meiosis II,chromosomes naturally break when sister chromatids are being pulled apart
E)  chromosomes will fuse telomere to telomereF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Exam 8: Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

A chromosome without a centromere is ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Doubling the chromosomes of a sterile species hybrid with colchicine or cold shock is a method used to produce a fertile species hybrid called a ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Name two methods used in genetic prenatal diagnostic testing in humans.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given that a human normally contains 46 chromosomes,give the chromosome number for each of the following conditions: Turner syndrome female,no Barr bodies Klinefelter syndrome male,one Barr body

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The chromosomal aberration that causes cri- du- chat syndrome can be referred to as an____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic anticipation is best described as____ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Assume that a species has a diploid chromosome number of 24.The term applied to an individual with 25 chromosomes would be____ .

Correct AnswerverifiedE

A child is born with Turner's syndrome and she is red green color blind recessive X- linked) .Her father is red green color blind as well and her mother is homozygous dominant for color sight.What had to happen in order for this child to be born with this chromosomal complement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Haploinsufficiency refers to____ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An expected meiotic pairing configuration in a____ would be a trivalent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a fragile site?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the leading cause of Down syndrome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of chromosomal configuration does the following diagram illustrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What explanation is generally given for lethality of monosomic individuals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The condition known as cri- du- chat syndrome in humans has a genetic constitution designated as ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Having a complete set or sets of chromosomes is called____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a potentially evolutionary advantage of inversion heterozygosity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____is viewed as a major cause of aneuploidy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An ____may arise when three sperm cells are involved in fertilization of a single egg.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do deletions and translocations in chromosomes often occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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