Question 1

Which is an accurate description of the posterior pituitary and its functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is glandular tissue,and secretes vasopressin and prolactin.
B)   It is neural tissue,and is stimulated to secrete oxytocin and vasopressin by hypophysiotropic hormones.
C)  It is neural tissue,and vesicles containing oxytocin and vasopressin are transported to axon terminals there.
D)  It is glandular tissue,and releases oxytocin and somatostatin when action potentials arrive along axons from the hypothalamus.
E)  It is neural tissue that secretes hypophysiotropic hormones that control the secretion of the anterior pituitary hormones.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Thyroid hormones exert a permissive effect on the actions of epinephrine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A deficiency in dietary iodine can cause:

Accepted Answer

A)   congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism) .
B)  a slowing of mental functions.
C)  a low metabolic rate.
D)  a goiter.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Which is most likely TRUE of an endocrine cell that contains an abundance of granular endoplasmic reticulum,a large Golgi apparatus,and secretion granules?

Accepted Answer

A)  It secretes a peptide/protein hormone.
B)  It secretes its product by diffusion through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.
C)  It secretes by endocytosis.
D)  Its hormone product is synthesized from cholesterol.
E)  It secretes a hormone with a hydrophobic structure.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of the following statements about oxytocin is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Target cells of oxytocin have receptors for the hormone in their nuclues.
B)  Oxytocin is synthesized in the hypothalamus.
C)  Oxytocin is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
D)  Oxytocin's main function is to increase the rate of respiration.
E)  Oxytocin keep uterine smooth muscle from contracting,so it prolongs pregnancy.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Which is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the bone degrading activity of osteoclasts
B)  increases the bone building activities of osetoblasts
C)  promotes vitamin D synthesis,leading to increased intestinal absorption of calcium
D)  increases plasma [Ca2+]
E)  decreases reabsorption of phosphate by the kidneysF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which is NOT an endocrine function performed by the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)  secreting insulin-like growth hormone
B)  clearing hormones from plasma
C)  secreting angiotensinogen
D)  producing plasma proteins that bind hormones
E)  secreting insulinF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

In cases where the plasma concentration of an ion or nutrient affects the secretion rate of a hormone,the affected hormone is usually a regulator of the homeostasis of that ion or nutrient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding pituitary growth hormone (GH) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The liver produces a factor that mediates the metabolic actions of GH.
B)  GH stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production by the liver and by many other cells.
C)  GH increases the sensitivity of tissues to the action of insulin.
D)  GH exerts negative feedback on its own production by inhibiting the hypothalamic secretion of somatostatin.
E)  IGF-1 stimulates the secretion of GH by anterior pituitary gland cells.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT stimulated by cortisol during stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  gluconeogenesis
B)  protein catabolism
C)  glucose uptake into muscle cells
D)  triglyceride catabolism in adipose cells
E)  decreased sensitivity to insulinF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Unlike neurons,endocrine cells generally do not act as integrators of various kinds of positive or negative inputs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A precursor of cortisol is cholesterol.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which is a result of elevated thyroid hormone levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in triglyceride storage
B)  increased Na+/K+ ATPase activity
C)  decreased body temperature
D)  mental lethargyE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

What would be the effect of a thyroid deficiency beginning in infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gigantism would occur.
B)  Laron dwarfism would occur.
C)  Growth rate would be faster than normal.
D)  Growth rate would be slower than normal.
E)  Body temperature would be above normal.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Which is a function of the gonadotropic hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B)  inhibiting the release of growth hormone
C)  inhibiting the release of prolactin
D)  inducing the secretion of steroid hormones by the gonads in both males and females
E)  stimulating the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

In general,the metabolism and excretion rates of steroid hormones are higher than those of peptide hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Short-loop negative feedback occurs when hormones from the ______________ inhibit hormone secretion by the ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus; anterior pituitary
B)  adrenal cortex; hypothalamus
C)  anterior pituitary; hypothalamus
D)  adrenal cortex; anterior pituitary
E)  anterior pituitary; adrenal cortexF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following hormones is NOT usually secreted at higher levels in response to stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone
B)  gonadotropins
C)  vasopressin
D)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
E)  beta-endorphinF) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 19

Binding of hydrophilic hormones to their receptors often results in the formation of one or more second messengers that lead to alterations of the cell's activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following statements about hormone actions is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth hormone is a tropic hormone for insulin-like growth hormone.
B)  Inhibition of prolactin release by dopamine is an example of short-loop negative feedback.
C)  Somatostatin stimulates growth hormone secretion.
D)  ACTH inhibits cortisol secretion.
E)  Gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates growth hormone secretion.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Exam 11: The Endocrine System

Which is most likely TRUE of an endocrine cell that contains an abundance of granular endoplasmic reticulum,a large Golgi apparatus,and secretion granules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about hormone actions is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A deficiency in dietary iodine can cause:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Binding of hydrophilic hormones to their receptors often results in the formation of one or more second messengers that lead to alterations of the cell's activity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT stimulated by cortisol during stress?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT an endocrine function performed by the liver?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike neurons,endocrine cells generally do not act as integrators of various kinds of positive or negative inputs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following hormones is NOT usually secreted at higher levels in response to stress?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would be the effect of a thyroid deficiency beginning in infancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Short-loop negative feedback occurs when hormones from the ______________ inhibit hormone secretion by the ______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thyroid hormones exert a permissive effect on the actions of epinephrine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding pituitary growth hormone (GH) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a result of elevated thyroid hormone levels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In cases where the plasma concentration of an ion or nutrient affects the secretion rate of a hormone,the affected hormone is usually a regulator of the homeostasis of that ion or nutrient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A precursor of cortisol is cholesterol.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is an accurate description of the posterior pituitary and its functions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a function of the gonadotropic hormones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general,the metabolism and excretion rates of steroid hormones are higher than those of peptide hormones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about oxytocin is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Short-loop negative feedback occurs when hormones from the inhibit hormone secretion by the .

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