Question 1

Who was a student of William James and the first female president of the American Psychological Association?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean Piaget
B)  Margaret Floy Washburn
C)  Rosalie Rayner
D)  Mary Whiton CalkinsE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

In a random sequence of coin tosses,series of successive heads occur ________ often than people expect and series of tails occur ________ often than people expect.

Accepted Answer

A)  more;less
B)  less;more
C)  more;more
D)  less;lessE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which major force in psychology emphasized unconscious sexual conflicts?

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary psychology
B)  Freudian psychology
C)  behavior genetics
D)  behaviorismE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Psychologists who carefully watch the behavior of chimpanzee societies in the jungle are using a research method known as

Accepted Answer

A)  the survey.
B)  experimentation.
C)  naturalistic observation.
D)  the case study.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Political officials who have no doubt that their own economic and military predictions will come true most clearly demonstrate

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias.
B)  random assignment.
C)  overconfidence.
D)  the placebo effect.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Lissette wonders whether personality differences between her friends who recently moved from Nigeria and those who moved from Thailand result primarily from biological influences or from cultural influences.In this instance,Lissette is primarily concerned with the relative contributions of

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroscience and cognition.
B)  nature and nurture.
C)  behavior and mental processes.
D)  conscious and unconscious thoughts.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

A positive correlation between self-esteem and academic success would indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  a positive self-concept contributes to academic success.
B)  academic success contributes to a favorable self-image.
C)  those with high self-esteem are more academically successful than those with low self-esteem.
D)  all of these statements are correct.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Nature is to nurture as ______ is to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior;mental processes
B)  psychology;psychiatry
C)  biology;experience
D)  reason;emotionE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The Greek naturalist and philosopher Aristotle suggested the source of our personality is the

Accepted Answer

A)  brain.
B)  throat.
C)  heart.
D)  stomach.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 10

To assess the effectiveness of flu vaccine for county residents,Mr.Carlson wants to administer vaccine injections to all county residents rather than give half of them a placebo injection.Mr.Carlson is most clearly underestimating the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  testing a large sample.
B)  operationally defining his procedures.
C)  replicating observations of other researchers.
D)  creating a control group.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Professor Crisman believes that most women prefer tall and physically strong partners because this preference promoted the survival of our ancestors' genes.This viewpoint best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  social-cultural
B)  cognitive
C)  evolutionary
D)  psychodynamicE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together?

Accepted Answer

A)  replication
B)  experimentation
C)  correlation
D)  extrapolationE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Questioning whether certain conclusions are accurate based on existing evidence best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  critical thinking.
B)  naturalistic observation.
C)  a psychodynamic perspective.
D)  the biopsychosocial approach.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The ethics codes of the American Psychological Association and the British Psychological Society urge researchers to

Accepted Answer

A)  avoid the use of monetary incentives in recruiting people to participate in research.
B)  forewarn potential research participants of the exact hypotheses that the research will test.
C)  avoid the manipulation of independent variables in research involving human participants.
D)  explain the research to the participants after the study has been completed.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The historically significant perspective that emphasized the human potential for healthy growth was known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Freudian psychology.
B)  cognitive neuroscience.
C)  behaviorism.
D)  humanistic psychology.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

SQ3R is an acronym for an effective

Accepted Answer

A)  debriefing procedure.
B)  study method.
C)  operational definition.
D)  case study.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our human ancestors is most relevant to the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral
B)  cognitive
C)  evolutionary
D)  psychodynamicE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

For effective mastery of course material,the text emphasizes the value of

Accepted Answer

A)  spaced practice and overlearning.
B)  speed reading and massed practice.
C)  informed consent and debriefing.
D)  all of these practices.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of people's

Accepted Answer

A)  childhood memories.
B)  genetic predispositions.
C)  unconscious thought processes.
D)  potential for healthy growth.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Researchers observe random samples because these samples are likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  easy to observe.
B)  homogeneous.
C)  representative.
D)  easy to debrief.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 1: Psychologys Roots, Big Ideas, and Critical Thinking Tools

Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our human ancestors is most relevant to the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lissette wonders whether personality differences between her friends who recently moved from Nigeria and those who moved from Thailand result primarily from biological influences or from cultural influences.In this instance,Lissette is primarily concerned with the relative contributions of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The historically significant perspective that emphasized the human potential for healthy growth was known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which major force in psychology emphasized unconscious sexual conflicts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ethics codes of the American Psychological Association and the British Psychological Society urge researchers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Questioning whether certain conclusions are accurate based on existing evidence best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nature is to nurture as ______ is to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

SQ3R is an acronym for an effective

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who was a student of William James and the first female president of the American Psychological Association?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To assess the effectiveness of flu vaccine for county residents,Mr.Carlson wants to administer vaccine injections to all county residents rather than give half of them a placebo injection.Mr.Carlson is most clearly underestimating the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers observe random samples because these samples are likely to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a random sequence of coin tosses,series of successive heads occur ________ often than people expect and series of tails occur ________ often than people expect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A positive correlation between self-esteem and academic success would indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Crisman believes that most women prefer tall and physically strong partners because this preference promoted the survival of our ancestors' genes.This viewpoint best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Greek naturalist and philosopher Aristotle suggested the source of our personality is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For effective mastery of course material,the text emphasizes the value of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of people's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists who carefully watch the behavior of chimpanzee societies in the jungle are using a research method known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Political officials who have no doubt that their own economic and military predictions will come true most clearly demonstrate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Nature is to nurture as is to _.

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In a random sequence of coin tosses,series of successive heads occur often than people expect and series of tails occur often than people expect.

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