Question 1

According to your textbook, the need to ________ may be the most powerful human motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)   be creative
B)   belong
C)   participate
D)   achieveE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Milgram's study of obedience has been criticized on the basis of:

Accepted Answer

A)   its lack of random assignment.
B)   the inability of any of its findings to be replicated.
C)   the physical pain learners experienced from the electric shock.
D)   the emotional distress and deception experienced by participants.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   they exaggerate differences between groups.
B)   they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups.
C)   they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes.
D)   they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

According to the textbook, the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba was a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)   a weak leader.
B)   groupthink.
C)   the self-serving bias.
D)   group polarization.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The "banality of evil" means that:

Accepted Answer

A)   all people possess inner aggressive drives to commit evil crimes.
B)   weak governments become stronger by emphasizing the evilness of other nations.
C)   evil is commonplace and occurs in most societies and nations.
D)   evil acts are committed by evil people and good people are noble souls.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

________ are the rules that regulate social life within a culture.

Accepted Answer

A)   Norms
B)   Roles
C)   Routines
D)   StereotypesE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Researchers in the area of ________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalysis
B)   sociobiology
C)   social cognition
D)   experimental psychologyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions are both examples of:

Accepted Answer

A)   norms.
B)   roles.
C)   routines.
D)   stereotypes.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Dissent and altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but situational factors are involved also. Analyze four situational factors that are involved when a person decides to "rock the boat" and choose conscience over conformity.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 10

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

Accepted Answer

A)   Solomon Asch
B)   Stanley Milgram
C)   Philip Zimbardo
D)   Muzafer SherifE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   they exaggerate differences between groups.
B)   they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups.
C)   they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes.
D)   they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

Accepted Answer

A)   Groupthink
B)   Diffusion of responsibility
C)   Cognitive dissonance
D)   DeindividuationE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

________ reflects a behavioural expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Accepted Answer

A)   Personal space
B)   Social distance
C)   Cultural space
D)   Discrimination distanceE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive dissonance.
B)   the fundamental attribution error.
C)   the validity effect.
D)   deindividuation.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

Accepted Answer

A)   an ominous-looking shock machine, which had voltage markings from zero to 450 volts
B)   participants in the study were randomly assigned to be teachers or learners
C)   participants were electrically shocked when they made errors in reciting word pairs
D)   a learner and the teacher always sat side by side across from the shock machineE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Discuss the following causes or origins of prejudice and provide examples to illustrate your points: psychological, social, cultural, and economic.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following...

Question 17

Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called:

Accepted Answer

A)   the fundamental attribution error.
B)   generational identity.
C)   groupthink.
D)   the self-serving bias.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

According to attribution theory, the explanations we give for our behaviour and the behaviour of others generally fall into two categories:

Accepted Answer

A)   dispositional and situational.
B)   environmental and situational.
C)   mental and physical
D)   implicit and explicit.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Accepted Answer

A)   Solomon Asch
B)   Stanley Milgram
C)   Philip Zimbardo
D)   Muzafer SherifE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

Accepted Answer

A)   the religious beliefs of the participant.
B)   the personality of the participant.
C)   the responses made by the learner.
D)   the situation of the experiment.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Exam 8: Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Milgram's study of obedience has been criticized on the basis of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "banality of evil" means that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to your textbook, the need to ________ may be the most powerful human motivation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ are the rules that regulate social life within a culture.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions are both examples of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the textbook, the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba was a result of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ reflects a behavioural expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers in the area of ________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dissent and altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but situational factors are involved also. Analyze four situational factors that are involved when a person decides to "rock the boat" and choose conscience over conformity.

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

Discuss the following causes or origins of prejudice and provide examples to illustrate your points: psychological, social, cultural, and economic.

Correct AnswerverifiedA good answer will include the following...View AnswerShow Answer

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to attribution theory, the explanations we give for our behaviour and the behaviour of others generally fall into two categories:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

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A good answer will include the following...
View Answer

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